Canada Travel & Relocation Guide

The True North — Multicultural, Vast & Welcoming

Key facts

Frequently asked questions

What CRS score do I need to get an Express Entry invitation?

CRS cut-off scores vary by draw and category. General draws typically range from 480–550, but category-based draws (healthcare, STEM, French-speaking, trade occupations) can have different thresholds. A Provincial Nominee Program (PNP) nomination adds 600 points, making it the most reliable path if your CRS is below the cut-off. Check the latest draw results on the IRCC website.

Can I work in Canada while waiting for my PR application?

If you already hold a valid work permit, you can continue working while your PR application is processed. If your work permit is expiring, you can apply for a Bridging Open Work Permit (BOWP) to maintain work authorization during processing. If you are outside Canada with no existing work permit, you cannot work until you either land as a PR or obtain a separate work permit.

How does the Provincial Nominee Program (PNP) work?

Each province and territory has its own PNP with streams targeting specific skills, occupations, or connections to the province. Some PNPs are linked to Express Entry (adding 600 CRS points), while others operate as base (non-Express Entry) programs with separate processing. Common requirements include a job offer in the province, relevant work experience, or graduation from a provincial institution. Processing times vary from 2–18 months depending on the province and stream.

Do I really have to file a tax return in my first year if I barely earned anything in Canada?

Yes — and you should want to. Filing a T1 return is how you claim the GST/HST credit, the Canada Child Benefit, and provincial benefits, which are often worth more than any tax owed. Even with $0 Canadian income, filing establishes your record with the CRA and starts your benefit entitlements. Use Form RC151 (no children) or RC66 (with children) to trigger the GST/HST credit in year one.

Will Canada tax the income I earned in my home country before I moved?

Generally no. As a part-year resident in your arrival year, you report world income only from the date you established residential ties in Canada. Income earned abroad before that date is usually outside Canada's reach. After you become a full-year resident, however, your entire worldwide income is taxable in Canada — with a foreign tax credit for tax paid abroad.

How much of my salary actually reaches my bank account?

Your employer withholds federal + provincial income tax plus CPP (5.95%) and EI (1.63% outside Quebec) each pay period. A middle-income earner in a province like Ontario or BC typically sees a combined effective deduction in the 20–30% range, rising with income. Complete your TD1 form accurately when hired so the right amount — not too much — is withheld.

Which province's tax rate applies to me?

The province where you reside on 31 December of the tax year. Rates and basic personal amounts differ significantly — Alberta and the territories are among the lowest-taxed, Quebec the highest. If you move between provinces during the year, your year-end residence decides the whole year's provincial tax. Quebec residents also file a separate provincial return with Revenu Québec.

Is there any special low-tax or flat-tax regime for expats in Canada?

No. Unlike some countries, Canada has no special reduced-rate or lump-sum regime for new arrivals — residents are taxed under the same progressive system as citizens. Relief instead comes from generous non-refundable credits (the basic personal amount), the foreign tax credit, tax treaties, and tax-sheltered accounts like the RRSP and TFSA that you can use once resident.

Is healthcare really free in Canada?

Doctor visits, hospital stays, surgeries, and emergency care are covered at no direct cost for residents with a provincial health card. However, healthcare is funded through taxes. Prescription drugs, dental care, vision care, and most allied health services are NOT covered and require private insurance or out-of-pocket payment. Many Canadians get supplemental coverage through their employer.

How long are wait times in Canada?

Wait times are the most criticized aspect of Canadian healthcare. Seeing a specialist can take 4–12 weeks after a GP referral. Non-emergency surgeries (hip replacement, cataract) can take 3–12 months. MRI and CT scans may have weeks-long waits. Emergency care is immediate but non-urgent ER visits can involve 4–8+ hour waits. Walk-in clinics typically have 1–3 hour waits.

What should I do during the provincial health insurance waiting period?

Purchase private health insurance before arriving. Companies like Manulife, Blue Cross, and GMS offer plans specifically for new immigrants during the waiting period. Costs are approximately CAD $100–$200/month. Do not skip this — a single emergency room visit without coverage can cost $1,000–$10,000+. Some employers provide coverage from day one, which may cover the gap.

Do I need to register my SIM with my ID or passport in Canada?

No. Canada has no real-name SIM registration law. You can buy a prepaid SIM off the shelf with no ID. A government photo ID is only requested when you open a postpaid (monthly-billed) account so the carrier can run a credit check. Newcomers with no credit history should start with prepaid, which needs no check and no deposit.

How do I pay my landlord and split bills with friends?

By Interac e-Transfer from your bank app — you just need the recipient's email or phone number. It's the near-universal method for rent, shared bills, and paying individuals. It's usually instant and free or a small flat fee. Cheques still exist but are rare for everyday use.

Is Canada going cashless — do I still need cash?

Not fully. Cash is still about 21% of in-person payments and 96% of small businesses accept it. Cards and tap dominate, but keep some $20 bills for cash-only vendors, markets, and tips. Cash totals round to the nearest 5 cents since the penny was retired.

Why is the price at checkout higher than the sticker?

Sales tax (GST/HST/PST, roughly 5-15% depending on province) is added at the register, not shown on shelf prices or menus. Always add tax mentally, and expect a tip prompt on top for table service — a $20 restaurant meal typically lands around $24-26 after tax and tip.

What's the fastest way to build a Canadian credit history through daily life?

Put recurring bills you already pay — phone and internet especially — on a newcomer or secured credit card set to autopay, and pay it in full each month. Note that pre-authorized debit and plain bank bill-pay do NOT report to credit bureaus, so paying utilities straight from your chequing account won't build credit, but routing them through a credit card will.

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