Sierra Leone Travel & Relocation Guide

Lion Mountains — Pristine Beaches, Resilient Spirit & Raw African Beauty

Key facts

Frequently asked questions

Do I need a TIN as an individual?

Yes, if you are employed, self-employed or running a business you should be registered with the NRA and hold a Taxpayer Identification Number. Employers use it to operate PAYE, and it is needed for many banking and government transactions.

What is the tax year?

Sierra Leone uses the calendar year, 1 January to 31 December, for personal income tax.

Is foreign income taxed?

Tax residents are, in principle, taxed on worldwide income, while non-residents are taxed only on Sierra Leone-source income. Treaty relief is limited, so seek advice if you have income taxed in more than one country.

What is GST and who charges it?

GST is Sierra Leone's value-added tax, charged at 15% on most goods and services. Businesses over the registration threshold must register with the NRA, charge GST and file returns.

Are there social security contributions?

Yes. Employers and employees contribute to NASSIT, the National Social Security and Insurance Trust, which is separate from income tax.

Do I need private health insurance?

Yes. International health insurance that includes medical evacuation is strongly recommended, because local specialist and emergency care is limited and serious cases often require evacuation abroad.

Is the yellow fever vaccine really required?

Yes. Proof of yellow fever vaccination (the yellow card) is a mandatory entry requirement and is checked at Freetown International Airport.

What about malaria?

Malaria is endemic year-round. Take prophylaxis prescribed by a travel doctor, use repellent and treated bed nets, and seek prompt medical attention for any fever.

Where do expatriates go for care in Freetown?

Most use private clinics in Freetown for routine and minor care. For complex or emergency treatment, medical evacuation to another country is often arranged through insurance.

Can I get by with only English?

Yes, English is the official language and widely understood in Freetown and formal settings. Learning a few Krio phrases, however, is highly appreciated and helps in markets and everyday interactions.

Is the electricity reliable?

No. Grid power from EDSA is intermittent, so most homes and businesses rely on generators or solar backup. Factor generator fuel into your monthly budget.

Can I use credit cards?

Only in a few upscale hotels and supermarkets in Freetown. Sierra Leone is largely a cash and mobile-money economy, so carry cash and set up Orange Money or Africell Money.

What is the best time of year to arrive?

The dry season (November to April) is easier for moving and getting settled, as the rainy season (May to October) brings heavy rain, flooding risk and harder road conditions.

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